Chemical energy converted into electrical devices is called chemical battery, which is generally referred to as batteries.After discharge, you can regenerate the internal activity material in the manner -storage of electrical energy as chemical energy; the chemical energy can be converted into electrical energy again when discharge.This type of battery is called the Storage Battery, also known as the secondary battery.The so -called battery is a kind of electrical chemical equipment that stores chemical energy and releases electrical energy if necessary.Then this issue will explain the relevant knowledge of battery in detail.
Introduction to batteries
Storage Battery is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It is a battery designed by rechargeable charging. It is re -charged through reversible chemical reactions. It usually refers to a lead -acid battery. It is one of the battery in the batteryIt belongs to the secondary battery.Its working principle: During charging, the external electrical energy is used to regenerate the internal active substances and store the electrical energy as a chemical energy. When the discharge needs to be discharged, the chemical energy can be converted into electrical energy output, such as the mobile phone battery commonly used in life.
What are the categories of batteries?
Lead-acid batteries
Commonly used car batteries are mainly divided into three categories: ordinary batteries, dry lotus batteries and maintenance -free batteries.
Ordinary battery: The pole plate of ordinary batteries is composed of lead and lead oxides.
The solution is a water solution for sulfuric acid.Its main advantage is that the voltage is stable and the price is cheap; the disadvantage is that it is lower than energy (that is, electrical energy stored per kilogram of battery), short service life and frequent daily maintenance.
Ganhe battery
Its full name is the dry -type lead -acid battery. Its main feature is that the negative plate has a high power storage capacity. Under the state of completely drying, it can be stored in two years.Liquid, wait for 20-30 minutes.
Maintenance of battery: Due to the advantages of the battery, the battery consumption is very small, and the electrolyte consumption is very small, and distilled water does not need to be supplemented in the service life.It also has the characteristics of earthquake resistance, high temperature resistance, small volume, and small self -discharge.The service life is generally twice the common battery.There are also two types of battery -free battery on the market: the first one does not need to be maintained during the one -time electrolyte when buying at one time (adding supplements); the other is that when the battery itself leaves the factoryUsers cannot supplement the liquid at all.
Lead -acid battery products are mainly there are the following types, and their uses are distributed as follows:
Start -up battery: mainly used for starting and lighting of cars, motorcycles, tractors, diesel engines, etc.
Fixed battery: mainly used for communication, power plants, and computer systems as spare power supply for protection and automatic control;
Traction -type battery: mainly used for various battery vehicles, forklifts, and forklifts;
Battery for railway: mainly used for railway internal combustion locomotives, electric locomotives, passenger car starting, and lighting;
Energy storage battery: It is mainly used for electric energy storage for electricity and solar energy.
UPS is called uninterrupted power, because when power outages, it can quickly convert to the inverter state, so that the computer in use will lose important files because of the sudden power outage in the future.It is not used as a backup power supply. If you just want to use electricity when power outage, you can buy the inverter.Most of the general home UPS is a maintenance -free lead -acid battery.
UPS battery
The good or bad judgment of the battery has a dedicated battery measuring instrument, but few users have such instruments, and there are only one multimeter.The following points are summarized in the maintenance of the battery for the good or bad of the battery for reference.
1. Judgment from the appearance: Observe whether the appearance is deformed, protruding, leakage, rupture and explosion, burning, exudation of oxygers at the screw connection, etc.
2. Carrying measurement: If there is no abnormality in appearance, UPS works in the battery mode, with a certain amount of load. If the discharge time is significantly shorter than the normal discharge time, after 8 hours of charging, the normal backup time cannot be restored to determine the battery aging.Essence
3. Use a multimeter measurement:
A. Measurement in the battery discharge mode: Measted the voltage of each battery end in the battery pack. If one or more battery end voltage is obviously higher or lower than the nominal voltage (nominal voltage 12V/section) to determine the battery aging.
B. Measurement in the city power mode: The charging voltage of each battery side in the battery pack. If the charging voltage of one or more batteries is obviously higher or lower than other voltage, the battery aging is determined.
C. The total voltage of the battery pack: The total voltage of the battery pack is significantly lower than the nominal value (the nominal value of the C1K battery pack is 36V as an example). After 8 hours of charging, it cannot be restored to the normal value.The discharge time does not reach the normal discharge time, and the battery aging is determined.
D. Battery boot measurement: UPS does not turn on, and do not connect to the city electricity. First, use a multimeter to measure the total voltage of the battery pack. Take C1K as an example. At this time, the voltage may be between 36V-40V.Staring at the instructions of the multimeter, and then connect the machine key, if the total battery voltage drops to less than 30V or even a dozen volts at this time, UPS will immediately shut down automatically, and the voltage will be restored to the original value immediately after shutdown.Determine battery aging.
Lithium iron phosphate battery
Lithium iron phosphate battery is the safest high -scale energy battery in the lithium ion battery family.The discharge voltage of lithium iron phosphate batteries is very stable, generally 3.2 V, and the voltage of the after -discharge (mainly referring to the remaining 10%capacity) has a rapid change. The deadline is generally 2.5 V.The environmental temperature, especially the low temperature, will affect the discharge capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries: -20 ° Cs discharge capacity is 45%of the normal temperature capacity,-10 ° C is 65%at room temperature,-5 ° C is 80%of room temperature, 0 ℃ 0 ℃It is 90%at room temperature, and the discharge capacity of 0 ℃ ～ 20 ℃ changes very small.The low temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries is better than lead -acid battery.
Installation Precautions
Although lithium iron phosphate batteries have been charged and discharged by the positive and negative plates when they leave the factory, if the installation date of the lithium iron phosphate battery is far from the factory date, the long -term self -discharge capacity will inevitably lose.In addition, the battery volume of lithium iron phosphate batteries is generally 60%when the factory leaves the factory, and the battery pack should be replenished at the beginning of the installation.Due to the difference in self -discharge of monomer batteries, the voltage of each battery end may occur.The open circuit voltage must be measured before installation of the lithium iron phosphate battery pack. The opening voltage difference can be greater than 50 MV. The battery test and record must be done.With a fake load, the battery pack can be performed by the battery pack at 0.1C10 and 0.2C5. This test does not need to access the battery management system (BMS). It only needs to connect the battery pack, but the battery must be strictly detected during the discharge process.Single voltage measures and records the total voltage, discharge current, and battery single voltage of the battery per hour.The battery detects the battery with a low voltage of the battery single voltage every 10 min after the discharge.The discharge test is qualified, and then charge the battery.If the discharge to the termination voltage, the difference between the capacity of the battery pack and the rated capacity is greater than 15%, indicating that there may be problems with the factory capacity of the battery pack, and the manufacturer should be contacted in time.
Super battery
"Super battery -engine startup power supply" is a device that can provide the internal combustion engine when the traditional battery equipped with the internal combustion engine is invalid and cannot be launched.
The working principle and defect of traditional batteries: The equipment with the power within 2013 is mainly used as the power of the power battery as the startup power supply. Due to the limitation of the use of the life, storage time, and environmental temperature of the traditional batteryThe failure is invalid, so it cannot be implemented.At the same time, because these factors are difficult to predict and control, the internal combustion engines may not be started at any time and it may be helpless, especially for equipment or large -scale construction machinery for fire protection, disaster relief, military, communications, etc.At this time, it may cause extremely serious consequences.
The environmental temperature of the traditional battery increases by about 15%per 10 ° C, and the internal resistance of the battery exceeds the normal value of 25%. The capacity has been reduced to about 80%of its nominal capacity.The battery capacity has been reduced to less than 80%of its nominal capacity.If there is a new type of battery and the traditional battery design as a parallel configuration, the large current can be released instantly, thereby solving the difficulty of launching equipment due to low temperature, and at the same time, it greatly extensively extend the life of the traditional battery.
How to repair the battery?
1. Battery series repair method: This method can be adopted when single -section battery nominal voltage is lower than 12V.For example, there are 6V 4AH batteries that can be charged with emergency lights on the market, and the test instrument is output to 12V. At this time, two 6V batteries can be connected in series to connect them to the tester for sulfur repair.
2. Output combination method: For batteries that have been placed for a long time or batteries with very serious self -discharge and severe vulcanization, we cannot adopt the method of hydrating and charging recovery.The output combination method has better effect on severe vulcanization battery. When using this method, the charging current is best 5A.Because of the superposition of the repair function, the repair of the negative pulse current is greater than the positive pulse, and the selection 5A is to make up for the discharge of the charging current generated.
3. Reline charging method: In fact, during the storage or use of the battery, we can regularly react to charging it, which is the so -called balanced charging.It is very advocated.Under normal circumstances, we can use the tester to charging the battery regularly -discharge -charging.
4. Heating method: For the long -term battery, the electrolyte naturally becomes a state of severe dryness.If customers need to repair it, this heating method can be used.First of all, after hydrating the battery to be repaired, in order to accelerate the infiltration of the electrolyte to the inside of the battery, and the chemical reaction of its own chemical reaction, then we put the battery after hydrating in the hot water at 70 ° C.Essence

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