The planer refers to the tool used for planing processing.The quality of the planer directly affects the accuracy, surface roughness and production efficiency of the workpiece. Therefore, as a planer, you must be able to grasp the geometric angle of the planer and be skilled in the blade and choose a shaved knife.
What are the classifications of planers?
1. Classified according to the use, planer can be divided into plane plane, cutting knife, partial knife, elbow planer knife, inner hole elbow planer and forming plane.
(1) Plane planer: for coarse and fine plane.
(2) Partial knife: Planes, slope or vertical planes for processing each other.
(3) Cut the knife: used for cutting grooves, cutting off, and planning step surface.
(4) Eybolic shaving slot knife: used to process T -shaped grooves, grooves on the side, etc.
(5) Inner hole elbow planer: used for processing inner hole surface, such as inner key grooves.
(6) Formed planer: It is used to process the surface of the special shape. The shape of the cutting blade of the planer is consistent with the surface of the workpiece.
2. Based on the structure, the planer can be divided into an overall shaved knife, a welded planer, and a prefabricated planer.
(1) Overall planing knife: The knife and knife head of the overall shaved scalker are made of the same material. Most of the small and medium -sized planers are made into an overall type.
(2) Welded planing knife: The knife head and knife pole of the welded shaved scaller are welded by two materials. The knife head is generally a hard alloy blade.
(3) Pretend to be prefabricated: Large -specifically planing blades are mostly prefabricated.The knife head and knife rod are different materials, tightening the knife head on the knife with pressure plates and bolts.
4. According to the processing accuracy, it can be divided into coarse planer and fine planer.
5. Press the direction to be divided into left plane and right planer.
How to install the planer
The planer is generally installed in the knife clip.Pay attention to the following matters when installing:
(1) When planing the plane, the blade and the blade should be vertical in the middle.
(2) The plane cannot be extended too long on the blade to prevent it from vibrating and breaking during processing.The extension length of the straight head plane should not exceed 1.5 to 2 times the thickness of the knife; the elbow planer can extend a slightly larger, generally slightly greater than the length of the curved part.
(3) When installing a knife or unloading knife, hold one hand to hold a planer, and the other hand pulls the screws with force from top to bottom or tilted downward, pressing the tool tightly or loosened.The direction of the force must not be from the bottom, so as not to lift the blade and bind or clip the finger.
1. Plane Plane
When plane plane, you can generally choose a plane planer. When installing the plane plane, you should pay attention to the following points:
(1) The planer cannot be extended for too long, so as not to vibrate or break during processing.Generally speaking, the length of the stretching of the planer is 1.5 to 2.0 times the thickness of the blade body. It is advisable to bend the bending part to lift the blade without touching the blade.
(2) When loading and unloading, hold the planer with your left hand and use a wrench with your right hand. The position of the wrench should be appropriate. The direction of the force must be tightened or relaxed by the top or tilted to the ground.The direction of the force cannot be topped from the bottom, so as not to roll up and witch to slide down, bump or hurt your fingers.
(3) Both the blade and the blade should be adjusted at the vertical position to adjust the zero line of the turntable in order to accurately control the amount of knife.
(4) When installing a flat -headed planer, find the position of the positive cutting blade by light transmission method, and then clamp the planer.After clamping, the position of the cutting blade should be checked with the light transmittance method.
(5) When installing a planer with a light -edged blade, the planer should be posted, otherwise it will affect the quality of the planer.
2. Placing of a knife
Choose a knife when planing the vertical face.When installing a knife, first aim the knife rack at the zero line.Turn the blade to a certain angle, so that the upper end of the blade to the direction of the processed surface of the cutting seat is 10 ° to 15 °.The purpose of this is to deviate from the processing surface of the workpiece when the planer is lifted to lift the knife to reduce the wear of the tool and ensure that the processing surface is not damaged.If the height of the vertical processing surface is below 10 mm, the blade does not have to be touched.

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