After more than 100 years of development, there are more and more agricultural vehicles, which has greatly helped agricultural development.And if you want to have a good harvest, it is necessary to buy the right agricultural vehicle.So what are the precautions for second -hand agricultural vehicle transactions?What are the tips for fuel -saving energy and energy -saving tips for agricultural vehicles?Come and take a look.
Precautions for second -hand agricultural machinery transactions
1. Reasonable pricing of old machines
1. Determine the current value of the old machine.
Once agricultural machinery is put into use, its value will gradually decrease.The decrease in its value includes three aspects.The first is the decline in economic value, the use of mechanical investment, and generating wear loss; non -normal use (such as overload operations, not maintenance and maintenance, accidental damage, etc.), which are consumed (tangible loss) generated.Second, due to technological progress, the existing mechanical depreciation (intangible loss); third, cross -regional operating factors.The annual use of the machinery of cross -regional operations is several times in the past, and the real value cannot be calculated according to the machinery that has not participated in cross -regional operations.
Considering that due to the improvement of mechanical use intensity and frequency, the idle time is greatly shortened, the current value of the old machine can be calculated based on the fast depreciation method (also known as the decreasing depreciation method), and the depreciation period is appropriately shortened.For example, the tractor with a transmission of the transmission, the trailer and the tricycle depreciation of the three -year -old vehicle are depreciated by 6 years; the direct transmission of the small four -wheel tractor above the two -cylinder, large and medium -sized tractor, four -wheeled agricultural transport vehicles, tractor degeneration transport aircraft depreciated by 9 years; participating in cross -district operationsFull feeding joint harvester is depreciated at 7 years, and half -fed high -performance combined harvesting machine depreciates at 8 years; other seasonal agricultural machinery is depreciated by 10-12 years.
First calculate the annual depreciation amount.In order to facilitate popularization, the rapid depreciation method is treated.That is, add a total score to the order of depreciation.Take 8 years off depreciation as an example: 8+7+6 ...+1 = 36, then the depreciation rate of the first year is 8/36, the second year is 7/36, and the push is 1/36 in the eighth year.Total value of depreciation = mechanical original value-residual value.
Considering the increase in market raw materials, the value contained in machinery is increased.Therefore, the residual value rate is increased to 15%, that is, the residual value = mechanical original value × 15%.For example, the original value of a tractor is 240,000 yuan, and the total depreciation is 24-124 × 15%= 204,000 yuan.The depreciation volume in the first year was 20.4 × (8/36) = 453,300 yuan, and the second year was 20.4 × (7/36) = 3.967 million yuan, and the rest was calculated in turn.Then calculate the current value = original value-cumulative depreciation amount.In the previous example, the tractor was sold after 6 years of use: the present value = 24- (the sum of the depreciation amount of the 1st-6th year) = 53.333 million yuan.
2. The revision of the current value of the comprehensive factors
Due to factors such as the actual intensity of the machine, the level of maintenance, the high and low scientific and technological content, and the changes in the supply and demand of the old machine, the actual price should be reasonably floated on the basis of the present value.According to actual trading experience, the above four factors have the degree of influence of -5%, -5%, 0, and+5%.Still the above example. If the machine uses a large intensity, take -5%, the maintenance level is low -5%, the technological content is generally 0, and the final price is: 5.33+5.33 × (-5%(-5%(-5%(-5%(-5%(-5%-5%+0+5%) = 5.035 million yuan.Depending on the actual situation, different revision values ??are determined.Through the amendment, the actual transaction price is approaching the actual value, and the parties to the transaction are more easy to accept.
2. Several issues that need to be reminded
1. Go through the transfer registration procedures.At present, there is no unified rules and pricing methods in my country.Therefore, buyers and sellers must be honest and trustworthy, and it is best to have a written agreement.Once the transaction is successful, the two parties shall be issued by the two parties to go to the local agricultural machinery supervision station to go through the registration procedures for the transfer of property.Only after this procedure is completed, this property ownership is recognized and protected by law.
2. Check the service life of the machine.About 35%of agricultural machinery are reported to waste machinery.Therefore, you should check the files at the county agricultural machinery supervision station before purchasing to avoid being deceived.It is necessary to check the records of people. After some machine -purchased new machines, high -intensity is sold for 2-4 years after the new machine is sold for 2-4 years.If there is no large repair record, this factor should be considered when determining the price.
3. Check the relevant procedures.The purchase of the old machine should check whether the annual inspection records, licenses, registration certificates, road maintenance fees, purchase tax, insurance, etc. are complete and within the validity period.Unsuke records or incomplete annual inspection records and incomplete licenses may be evaded taxes.If the tax and fees procedures are made after buying it, it will be a lot of expenses.In this regard, you should check and consult the relevant departments in order to avoid entering the pit by mistake.The insurance policy within the validity period after the transaction must go to the underwriting company to correct it under the new machines name.Otherwise, although the insurance has not expired, it will fail with the owner.
4. Do not buy machinery with unknown origin.If you cannot find out the history and buy stolen goods cheaply, according to my countrys civil law and criminal law, the buyer will suffer a lot of economic losses.
What to pay attention to at the grinding period of agricultural vehicles
The running -in period of agricultural transport vehicles, also known as the initial driving period, refers to the initial use phase of the new vehicle or large -scale agricultural vehicle in a certain mileage.The running -in period of agricultural vehicles is the process of running -in processing on the friction surface of the component, and it is a stage that ensures that agricultural vehicles smoothly transition to the normal use period.The running -in period of the average agricultural vehicle is 1200 ~ 1500km.The quality of agricultural vehicles running in the quality has a significant impact on the power, economy, reliability and service life of agricultural vehicles.Therefore, the following requirements must be met.
(1) Reduce load quality.
During the running -in, the load quality of agricultural vehicles cannot exceed 80%of its rated load mass, and it shall not be dragged on a trailer or other machinery.It is best to be empty first within tens of kilometers, and then gradually increase the quality of load.The gear used for driving under various load quality must be improved from low to high level, and the gear positions must be worn in.
(2) Control the speed.
Generally, the maximum speed of agricultural vehicles should not exceed 40km/h, and speed limit devices shall not be demolished.
(3) Control the engine work greenhouse.
When an agricultural vehicle runs in in winter, the engine should be preheated to 40OC before starting.During driving, the temperature of cooling water should be kept within the range of 75 ~ 95OC.
(4) Use high -quality fuel and lubricant.
During the running -in of agricultural vehicles, diesel with high hexane and lubricating oils with less viscosity and good quality should be used to improve the lubrication conditions of each part of the parts and prevent the engine work from rough.
(5) Use good roads to drive.
Agricultural vehicles should not drive on a poor road during the running -in period. Do not climb the steep ramp to reduce the vibration and impact of the machines and prevent excessive load.
(6) Do not bombard the throttle when starting the engine and parking. Start and accelerate the smoothness. The shift should be shifted in time. Try not to make emergency braking.
(7) Strictly implement the maintenance regulations for the running -in period.
In order to ensure the quality of the running -in, before the running -in, the whole car should be cleaned, inspect and supplement the lubricant, grease and special solution in each part, and check the fasteners of each ministry.After driving for 500km, clean the engine lubrication system and chassis gear box, and replace the lubricant; add the lubricant to the whole car, check the technical conditions of the brake effect and the pipelines of various ministries and fasteners, and tighten it if necessary.Solid and adjust; tighten the bolts and nuts of the cylinder head and the inlet and exhaust pipes, and check the adjustment of the valve.After the running -in period is over, the focus of maintenance should be combined with the focus of the engine lubrication, transmission, and differential wheels of the wheels of the engine.Speed ??device.
Agricultural vehicle fuel -saving tips
1. Make sure that the tire pressure is insufficient or too high, and the amount of fuel consumption will be increased. To this end, the tire pressure should be checked regularly.
2. Do not change the tires with wider tires at will. Maybe make your vehicle look more elegant, but the wider the tire, the greater the wheel resistance, so you need additional driving capabilities unless you need additional driving capabilities, otherwise you just waste it in vain.Oil.3. Check regularly whether your driving disk and tire adjust the correct vehicle for a long time. The tire and driving disk often increase the degree of freedom due to wear, which will also be fuel -consuming.
4. As much as possible, the lowest viscosity lubricant can be used on the instruction manual of the minimum viscosity.
5. Careful maintenance of the engine to find failure should be eliminated immediately, because any failure in the engine will reduce its power and economy and waste fuel.
6. Avoid the car owners who are pulling a trailer in order to achieve the purpose of multiple loads, and restruct their own trailers by themselves, so that the trailer is heavy and heavy. This not only does not meet the safety requirements, but also increases the driving resistance of the vehicle.In addition, fuel consumption will be greatly increased when empty cars are driving.
7. Dont preheat for a long time. Some machines like to start the engine before driving in the morning to let it preheat for a while before going on the road. This is a good habit.But the preheating time is too long, it is undoubtedly a waste.Making locomotives slowly can also achieve the purpose of preheating for 1 km to 2 kilometers.
8. Parking a long time to turn off the fire If the parking time is long, please turn off the engine.Because long -term idling operation will not only damage the engine, but also consumes fuel.
9. Do not step on the accelerator when accelerating. Do not develop the habit of accelerating the acceleration of the accelerator. Step on the accelerator not only to the impact of huge inertia, but also too much fuel supplied cannot be completely burned, turning into a black smoke discharge.Causes waste of oil.
10. Select the right gear according to the requirements of driving speed. Select the appropriate gear according to the driving speed. Try not to use the method of low across the throttle to increase the speed, because it will also cause waste of oil.
11. Do not speed up speed for ordinary agricultural vehicles, the speed of 50 kilometers to 70 kilometers is the most fuel -efficient speed. At this time, the speed of the vehicle increases by 1 kilometer per hour to increase the fuel consumption by 0.5%.
12. Do not overload according to regulations.

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