The forging machine tool has independent power mechanisms and electrical systems. There are many professional factories in domestic production stamping mold frames. The stamping mold rack has been used as the production and sales of standard components.However, large stamping molds are usually specially set. Together with the mold, it is provided by the mold manufacturer to the user.The rotation of the crankshaft, the cam controller issues the corresponding signal, and the electrical control system sends instructions to each working organization after receiving the signal.So what are the mechanical classification of forging machine tools?
Introduction to forging machine tools
The tree car lathes that appeared more than 2,000 BC are the earliest prototype of machine tools.During the work, the lap of the lower end of the pedal uses the elasticity of the branches to rotate the workpiece by the rope, hold the shell or stone chip as a tool, and cut the workpiece along the strip tool.This principle is still used in the medieval elastic rod rod lathe.
Due to the needs of watches and weapons in the fifteenth century, the screw lathes and gear processing machine tools used by watchmakers, as well as hydraulic cannon lathes.Around 1500, the Italian Leonado Da Vinci had drawn the conceptual sketch of lathes, latches, thread processing machine tools, and internal round mills. Among them, there were new institutions such as crank, flywheel, tip and bearings.The "Tiantong Kaiwu" published by the Ming Dynasty of China also contains the structure of the grinding bed. The method of walking is used to stir up the iron, plus sand and water to cut jade.
The eighteenth centurys industrial revolution promoted the development of machine tools.
In 1774, the British Wilkinson invented a more precise cannon bed.The following year, he used the cylinder of this cannon bed to meet the requirements of the Wat steam engine.In order to produce a larger cylinder, he created a water wheel -drive cylinder bed in 1776, promoting the development of steam engines.Since then, machine tools have been driven by steam engines through spulators.
In 1797, the lathe made by the British Mozley was driven by the silk barrier to achieve maneuvering feed and driving threads. This is a major change in the machine tool structure.Mozley is also called "the father of the British machine tool industry".
In the 19th century, due to the promotion of textile, power, transportation machinery and arms production, various types of machine tools appeared one after another.
In 1817, the British Roberts created the gates plane; in 1818, the American Whitney made a horizontal milling machine; in 1876, the United States made a universal round grinding machine; in 1835 and 1897, the tooth roller and tooth machine was invented.With the invention of the motor, the machine tool began to use the motor concentrated driver, and then used a separate motor drive.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, in order to process workpiece, fixture and thread processing tools with higher processing accuracy, the coordinate beds and threaded grinders were successively created.At the same time, in order to meet the needs of industrial production such as automobiles and bearings, various automatic machine tools, imitation machine tools, combined machine tools and automatic production lines have been developed.
With the development of electronic technology, the United States developed the first digital control machine tool in 1952; in 1958, it was developed into a machining center that can automatically replace tools for multi -process processing.
Since then, with the development and application of electronic technology and computer technology, the machine tool has made significant changes in driving methods, control systems and structural functions.
Mechanical classification
Roller forging machine tool
Gold roller forging machine tools are billets in two relatively rotating fan -shaped molds to generate plastic deformation to form workpieces for forging methods.It is a special form of forming rolling (longitudinal rolling).Roller forging can be used to produce rods, twist drills, wrenches, nails, hoe, picks and flat leaves.The roller forging process uses the principle of rolling forming to gradually deform the blank. Compared with ordinary mold forging, it has the simple equipment structure, smooth production, small vibration and noise, which is convenient to achieve the advantages of automation and high production efficiency.Roll forging is divided into two types: blank roller forging and forming rollers.The blank roller forging is a rough for the shape and size required for the mold for forging; the forming roller forging can directly produce forgings that meet the requirements of the shape size.
Mechanical pressure forging machine tool
The mechanical pressure forging machine tool converts the rotation motion of the motor into a straight line movement of the slider through the crank slider mechanism, and the forging machine for forming the blank material.The mechanical pressure machine movement is stable, reliable, and is widely used in the process of stamping, squeezing, mold forging and powder metallurgy.The number of mechanical pressure planes accounts for more than half of the total number of forged machinery.The specifications of the mechanical pressure machine are expressed by the nominal working force (Qian Niu) that it is about 10-15 mm from the slider to the lower end of the itinerary (or the corner of the crank from the lower point is 15 ° ~ 30°) The maximum work design for calculating base points.
Squeezing forging machine tool
Thermal squeezing forging machine tools are widely used in pipes and profiles of non -ferrous metals such as aluminum, copper, etc., which belong to the range of metallurgical industry.The thermal squeezing of steel is used to produce special pipes and profiles, but also to produce carbon steel and alloy steel parts that are difficult to produce with cold or warm squeezing forming (pass or unpoy), such asIt has rods, cannons, containers, etc. with thick heads.Cold squeezing forging machine tools were used to produce pipes and profiles such as lead, zinc, tin, aluminum, copper, etc., as well as toothpaste hose (leader of tin tin), dry battery shell (zinc), bullets (copper) and other partsEssenceCold squeezing operation is simple and suitable for small parts of large -scale production.
Spiral forging machine tool
The spiral forging machine tool uses screws and nuts as a transmission mechanism, and transforms the positive and negative rotation motion of the flywheel to the upper and lower motion of the slider with the spiral transmission.The spiral pressure machine usually rotates the flywheel by the motor to drive the flying wheel through the friction disk. Therefore, this pressure machine is also called a friction pressure machine. Chinas largest friction pressure machine is 25 trillion ox.Later, the electric spiral pressure machine directly drove the flywheel with a motor. Its structure was compact and the transmission link was small. Due to the frequent conversion direction, the control of the electrical appliance was high, and a special motor was required.
Mechanical structure
Stamping mold rack
The air hammer stamping mold is the most typical forged machine tool functional component, which first achieved standardized and professional production.The stamping processes such as ruling, landing, stretching, and incision are completed on the machine tool pressure.The working part of the stamping mold is installed on the stamping mold frame. Different stamping processes need different convex molds and concave molds, but they can use the same stamping mold frame.The stamping mold rack is composed of upper templates, lower templates and guides, and guides. It has developed a series of products selected for different specifications and model pressure machines. The stamping mold frame below the middle specifications has been standardized.
Brake
In the functional components of the forging machine tool, in terms of its maturity of development, production and use, the first machine tool pressure clutch-brake.Rubbing clutch-brake is an important part of the main transmission of the machine tool pressure machine. Its performance directly affects the use of safety, safety, reliability, and equipments maintenance and maintenance of the entire machine.Subsidal clutch-the structure form of the brakeler, including a combined friction clutch-brake and separated friction clutch-brakes; the working status division of friction and sideline, with dry friction clutch-brake and wet friction clutch-brakes; friction clutch-The brake manipulation system is divided, with pneumatic friction clutch-brake and hydraulic friction clutch-brake.
protective device
Optoelectronics safety protection device is set up in the protected area between the operator of the forging machine tool and the protection area of ??the dangerous working area., Emergency parking for forging machine tools to prevent dangerous movements from occurring.It can be seen that the optoelectronic safety protection device itself cannot directly protect the operator. It only sends a signal to the machine tool before the safety accident may occur.Therefore, strictly speaking, photoelectric safety protection devices should be called photoelectric safety protection control devices.
Optical safety protection devices are usually divided into two types: reflection and radiation.The reflective photoelectric security protection device consists of three parts: controller, sensor, and reflector. The light screen is issued by the sensor.The three parts are composed of the light curtain, which is issued by the transmitting sensor, which is received by the receiving sensor.
Cam controller
The cam controller is an important part of the machine tool pressure machine electrical control system.The method of dealing with the logical relationship of the working institution is usually allocated 360 ° of the crankshaft a week to formulate the work circulation diagram of the machine tool pressure machine to control the movements of each working institution.The cam controller is an executor that distributes the crankshaft rotation angle.The cam controller is installed on the axis that rotates synchronously with the crankshaft. The working agency generates a prescribed action in turn to complete a working cycle of the machine tool pressure machine.There are many professional factories that produce cam controller in China. The quality of the product is generally stable and reliable, and the OEM is used to identify the directional and purchase method.
Automatic feeding device
There are various automatic feeding devices in the forging machine tool. Here refers to the automatic feed device for single -machine or flushing automatic lines for open pressure machines, closed pressure machines, multi -site pressure machines, high -speed pressure machines, etc.The automatic feeding device is generally composed of three parts of the feed rack and the opening of the rolling school, the pneumatic tongs -type feeding mechanism, and the waste roll feed rack.The material rack and the opening of the roll -up school have three functions: support rolls, opening rolls and levels. The opening mechanism will loosen the rolls a little and is freely hanging to reduce the tension of the feeding mechanism in the process of feeding.; The school -level institution applied for force to roll the rolls after the rolling wheels, so that the board was corrected before stamping, which was conducive to improving the accuracy of the product.The pneumatic tongs -type feeding mechanism uses compressing air as the power, and controls the opening and closing of clamping clamps and completing the feed of the plate. The stepping of the re -movement movement can be adjusted to meet the requirements of different feeding lengths.The waste roll rack will collect the scraps after stamping. If the waste band is cut off and recycled when stamping, this part is not required.

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