The whole station is the full -site electronic ranging meter. It is a high -tech measuring instrument that integrates light, machine and electricity.It integrates horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance (oblique distance, flat distance), and high difference measurement function, which simplifies the angle measurement operation.Control measurement, terrain measurement, cadity and real estate measurement, construction samples, industrial measurement, and offshore positioning.The following editor will introduce the relevant knowledge!
What is the whole station instrument
The full station, that is, the Electronic Total Station, is a high -tech measuring instrument integrating light, machine, and electric), The measurement and mapping instrument system that integrates high difference measurement functions.Comparing the ethics and latitude instrument to compare the electronic latitude and latitude instrument to replace the optical disk with optoelectronic scanning disk, and automatically record and display the number of readings and display the number of readings of the artificial optical science test, which simplifies the corner operation operation, and avoids the generation of reading errors.Because its placement instrument can complete all the measurement work on the measurement station, it is called a full station.It is widely used in the field of precision engineering measurement or deformation monitoring in large -scale buildings and underground tunnel construction.
The whole station can automatically measure the angle and distance, and can transmit the measurement data to the corresponding data collector in a certain program and format.The automation of the whole station is high, has a lot of functions, and has good accuracy. Through the configuration of appropriate interfaces, the measured data collected in the wild can directly enter the computer for data processing or enter the automated drawing system.
Principles of the whole station
The working principle of the whole station instrument is composed of the angle measurement system, the ranging system, the data processing system and the communication interface, the keyboard, the power supply and other parts. Among them, the angle measurement system is used to complete the angle measuring function; the ranging system is used to complete the completionSituing function; data processing system is used to complete the automatic recording function of data; communication interface is used to connect memory to the computer to achieve two -way information transmission; the keyboard is used to input data or operating instructions during the measurement process; the power supply is used for giving it for giving it for giving it for giving it for giving it for giving.The whole station provides energy required for work.In addition, the whole station can also access auxiliary facilities such as the coaxial telescope and the dual -axis automatic compensation system as needed to increase its completion function.
The principle of measuring the whole station instrument 1. The basic principle of electronic ranging technology Electronic ranging is to use the speed of electromagnetic waves in the air as the known feature, and the time to determine the distance value of the electromagnetic wave on the measurement distanceEssenceHowever, this method of direct ranging is very difficult to implement. When we require higher measurement accuracy, the requirements for measurement time are high, which is very difficult in the practice process.Therefore, the ranging method can be taken according to this principle in the actual ranging process.In the actual process, there are two main methods, pulse and phase methods.2. Electronic cornering technology Electronic angle, that is, the digitalization of the angle measurement, that is, the measurement result of the automatic digital display angle, and its essence is to replace the traditional optical reading system with a set of angle code conversion systems.At present, there are two types of conversion systems: one is the so -called "incremental method" measurement of the grating plate; the other is the so -called "absolute method" measurement angle of the coding plate
Classification of the whole station
Divide according to its appearance structure
1. Modular (also known as combined) early full -site instruments, most of them are building block structures, that is, electronic speed testing instruments, electronic latitudes, and electronics recorders are a whole.The interface combines them to form a complete whole station.
2. The overall type (Integral) With the lightweight of the electronic ranging meter, most of the modern whole station instruments are mostly designed as an indiscriminate integrity in the aspects of optics and machinery. Among themThe instrument of the launch axis, receiving shaft and telescope is the coaxial structure.This is very beneficial to ensure the distance measurement accuracy under large vertical angle conditions.
Divide according to measurement function
1. Classical Total Station classic full -site instrument is also known as conventional full -station.Vender measurement procedures developed independently by manufacturers or users.Its classic representative is Leicas TC series full station.
2. Motorized Total Station installs a shaft into the motor on the basis of the classic whole station instrument, which can automatically drive the rotation of the entire station instrument according to the quasi -standard department and the telescope.Under the online control of the computer, the mobile series full -site instrument can automatically accurately accurate the target according to the direction value given by the computer, and can achieve automatic positive and inverted mirror measurement.The Leica TCM series full station is a typical motorized full -site instrument.
3. Reflectorless Total Station without a cooperative target type refers to the full -range ritual that can directly ranging from general targets under the condition of non -reflective prism.Therefore, the target of inconvenient resettlement of reflective prisms has obvious advantages without cooperative target all -site instruments.For example, the Leica TCR series full -site instrument, the target without cooperation can reach 1000m, which can be widely used in cadastral measurement, real estate measurement and construction measurement.
4. In the basis of automated the entire station instrument, the instrument installation automation target recognition and accuracy is based on the automation process. Therefore, in the process of automatedThe major defects of the target achieve the intelligence of the whole station.Under the control of related software, the smart whole station can automatically complete the recognition, accuracy and measurement of multiple targets under the condition of unmanned intervention.Therefore, the smart full -site instrument is also called "measurement robot", and the typical representatives include the Leica TCA -type full -site instrument.

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