The Jingwei instrument is an instrument that measures horizontal and vertical angles; it is designed according to the principle of angle measurement.Literally, this is a kind of instrument related to latitude and latitude. So what is it related to "longitude" and "latitude"? What are its models and specifications? What is its working principle like?
What is Jingwei
Jingwei instrument: Instrument with horizontal angle and vertical angle; designed according to the principle of angle measurement.The latitude and weft instrument is divided into electronic latitude and latitude instruments and optical latitudes according to the differential disk scale and reading method.At present, the most commonly used is optical latitude and latitude instrument.
Hyretenary instrument
Jingwei instrument is the main corner measurement instrument in the measurement work.It consists of a telescope, a horizontal disk, a vertical disk, a level instrument, a base, etc.During the measurement, place the latitude instrument on the tripod, and use the vertical ball or optical doter to align the center of the instrument on the ground measurement site, use the standardizer to flatten the instrument, use the telescope to aim at the measurement target, use the horizontal dial and vertical disk diskSet up horizontal and vertical angles.According to accuracy, it is divided into precision latitudes and ordinary latitudes; equipment can be divided into optical latitude and latitude instruments and cashiers; according to the shaft system, it can be divided into re -measured latitudes and the direction of the latitude.In addition, there are coding of the Code Code of the Code Code of the Code Code of the Code of the Code of the Code with Code Passing Records; the automatic tracking of the latitude and weft instrument of the air target can be automatically aimed at the air target;The omnipotent latitude and weft meter for astronomical observation of the three functions of the instrument and the scanner; combine the camera and the latitude and weft meter for the photography of the photography and weft meter for ground photography measurement.
Principles of latituder
1 The principle of horizontal angle measurement
The angle formed by intersecting the vertical projection of a two -point line on the horizontal plane is called the horizontal angle.The horizontal angle is generally expressed that the angle range is 0o ~ 360o.A, O, and B are three points on the ground. The horizontal angles sandwiched in the two direction lines of OA and OB are the angle composed of projection O1A1 and O1B1 on the horizontal H.
At any height above point O, place a disk with a scaled level, and make the center center on the point O vertical line of point O. Through OA and OB, one lead vertical surface is set.The readings that the lead vertical surface intercepts on the scaled disk are A and B, respectively, the horizontal angle value is: B = B -A used to measure the horizontal angle, which must have a horizontal position disk, and horizontal levels and horizontal levels.The center of the dial is located on the vertical line of the horizontal angle.The telescope on the instrument can not only rotate in the horizontal plane, but also rotate in the vertical surface.The latitude and latitude instrument is a corner measurement instrument designed and manufactured according to the above basic requirements.
2 The principle of vertical angle measurement
In the same lead vertical surface, the angle between the observation sight and the horizontal line is called the vertical angle, also known as the inclination, which is represented by A.Its angular range is 0o ~ ± 90o.As shown in the figure, the sight is above the horizontal line, the vertical angle is the elevation angle, and the symbol is positive (+a); the line of sight is below the horizontal line, the vertical angle is the vertical angle, and the symbol is negative (-a).
3 vertical angle measurement principle
Like the horizontal angle, the angle value of the vertical angle is also the difference between the two directions in the two directions.As shown in the figure, the vision and horizontal line of the telescope aiming at the target have corresponding readings on the vertical disk, respectively. The difference between the two readings is the angle value of the vertical angle.The difference is that one of the two directions of the vertical angle is the horizontal direction.Regardless of which type of latitude, the number of vertical disks at the horizontal level should be a multiples of 90o. Therefore, when the vertical angle is measured, as long as the target reads the number of vertical disks, the vertical angle can be calculated.

Related tags： Machinery