The excavation machinery is to use a bucket to excavate the materials higher than or lower than the inheritance surface, and install it in a transport vehicle or uninstalled to the pile yard.Digging has great energy, high efficiency, and can complete the projects that can not be completed by manpower and improve work efficiency.General engineering teams, construction industry, rescue departments, and even private (excavated breeding, roads, reclamation) require excavators.So today, I will explain the relevant knowledge of the excavator in detail.
Introduction
The excavator, also known as Excavating Machinery, is used to use a bucket to mining materials with higher or lower than the proofing surface, and install the local machinery of transportation vehicles or unloading to the stacking field.The excavated materials are mainly soil, coal, sediment, and soil and rock after pre -pine.From the perspective of the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and the excavator, as one of the most important engineering machinery models in engineering construction, is also more important for the correct selection.
Excavator classification
Sortor Category 1: Common excavators are two types: internal combustion engine drive excavators and power drivers.Among them, electric excavators are mainly used in hypoxia and underground mines and other flammable and explosive places in the plateau.
Sorter Category 2: According to the different walking methods, excavators can be divided into tracked excavators and wheeled excavators.
Diger Classification 3: According to the different transmission methods, excavators can be divided into hydraulic excavators and mechanical excavators.Mechanical excavators are mainly used on some large mines.
Classification of excavators: According to the use, excavators can be divided into different categories such as universal excavators, mineral excavators, ship excavators, and special excavators.
Excavator selection
1. Engineering scale
Large -scale earth and stone projects and medium and large open -air mines should be purchased by design institutes or relevant experts in accordance with various factors such as investment scale and supporting equipment to purchase the specifications, models and quantities of hydraulic excavators.General small and medium -sized projects, such as roads, farmland water conservancy, only need to choose ordinary model excavators.For example, a model excavator between 20 to 25T can meet the use of engineering.
2. Engineering supporting situation
When purchasing a excavator, consider the matching of your own existing equipment, including the matching of the excavator operating efficiency and the efficiency of existing equipment operation.The "big horse" should also avoid unnecessary waste caused by the "big horse car".
3. Existing funds
Users should be aware of the income of purchasing excavators. If they can receive the project, they can cost soon, but when choosing, they can consider multiple purchase methods, installment payment, bank mortgage, purchase, etc.You can optimize your equipment structure, thereby improving the competitiveness of its own contracting large -scale engineering projects.
4. Work conditions and liquidity of construction
The operating conditions and the liquidity of construction directly affect the selection of the excavator walking structure and work device.
(1) Pay attention to matters when walking partial selection.The walking part of the excavator can be divided into three categories according to the walking method, track, tire type and floating boat.Track excavators have a wide range of use, so they are relatively large.It is characterized by large traction and low grounding ratio (generally 0.04 ～ 0.15MPa). It has good stability and good off -road performance and climbing performance. It is more suitable for construction under the harsh conditions of the operating environment.According to the situation of the ground, a standard tracking excavator is generally selected; if the carrying capacity of the ground is strong, and the ground is uneven, the narrow track plate type excavator is used;Select the excavator with a width of the crawler and the width of the crawler board; if it is under construction in the swamp, the special crawler -type excavator of the swamp should be selected.However, it should be paid to the longer the crawler. The longer or too width of the crawler will accelerate the wear. The branches, guidance wheels and drivers will also be frequently impacted by external forces.If the trailer is too narrow, it will be damaged prematurely if it is used in unsuitable conditions.
The use of tire -type and floating ship excavators is relatively small.Tire excavators are characterized by high transmission efficiency, fast walking speed, good maneuverability, good movement performance, generally used for good operating conditions, while construction venues are often transferred.Floating ship excavators are generally used in the cleaning of sludge accumulation such as river beds, river channels, and lakes.
(2) Pay attention to matters when selecting the work device.Under normal circumstances, the excavators working device includes a moving arm, a hip pole, a bucket, and a related oil cylinder and hydraulic pipeline.Because the work device of the excavator is more convenient, the corresponding working device can be replaced according to different working occasions to meet the needs of various operating conditions.
For example, the entire working device can choose a long arm (the moving arm and the buckle rod are extended, and the bucket capacity decreases). In this way, the excavation range of the excavator has increased.Just work on the river beach.The rock excavator with a strong work intensity needs to choose a strong and thickened moving arms to cope with the harsh conditions.In order to ensure the smooth completion of the project, in terms of fighting, according to the different excavation of the working conditions, you can also choose the standard fighting of general operating conditions, the increase in soft earthwork, the rock bucket for rock conditions, and the dredging of the rock conditions.Discost.In addition, the fighting part can also be replaced with a crusher, which is fully used in the crushing of large rocks. The small workload is much safer than the gunpowder blasting, and the operation is convenient and efficient.The bucket can also be replaced with a tok and a grabbing, used for some waste items; replaced it with hydraulic shears, which is fully used in the demolition of buildings such as buildings.EssenceThere are many other things that can be installed, such as: loose soil, crushing device, cutting blade, pile driver, etc.Extraordinary construction sites should consider whether to install the oil cylinder protective cover to prevent the falling object from smashing or obstacles. The machine that works in the ship or port in the ship or port sometimes must be installed with a hook device to easily hang the vehicle.

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