Potato planting machines can grow rhizome crops such as potatoes, and can be used with small tractors. It integrates ditch, fertilization, sowing and soil covering.So, how to use a potato sowing machine?How to maintain a potato seeder?
Preparation before potato sowing
The agricultural preparation before sowing is the same as manual sowing. Before preparing the corresponding land, fertilizer and seeds.
1. Preparation of fertilizers
Lets look at the fertilizer first, because the fertilizer boxes of the three machines are only suitable for granular nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers.The basic fertilizer required for potato is farm fertilizer and compound fertilizer.Farm fertilizer needs to be manually sprinkled on the ground before turning the ground, and generally sprinkle 1500kg every 667m2.Apply when sowing compound fertilizer.The amount of fertilization should be determined according to the degree of fertility of the local soil.Generally, the amount of compound fertilizer per 667m2 is about 50kg.
2. Soil preparation
All three machines are adapted to the sowing of sticky soil and sandy soil, which is suitable for both dry areas and water.The implementation of mechanized sowing is most suitable for flat cultivated land, and the slope of the slope should be less than 8%.In the soil layer of about 10cm, the ground temperature is stable at 7 ° C to 8 ° C, and the absolute water content of the soil will be sown in a timely manner.If it is sown in sandy soil fields in the dry work area, because the soil is soft, just rake it.In the water, the viscous soil area is sowed. After sprinkling the base fertilizer, it is necessary to use a rotor to turn the land.
3. Preparation of seeds
Before sowing, the seeds should be treated through the four links of seedling, sunbathing, soaking, and seeding.In these four links, the seeding is closely related to the mechanical sowing, and the seedlings must be cut according to standards before sowing.The potato cups of the three seeding machines are the same size.Therefore, the size of potato seeds is required to have the same size, and prepare 1500 times potassium permanganate liquid before planting.
For soaking and disinfection of cutting knife and cutting plates.The weight of the breeding block remains at about 50g.Great potato, less bud eyes, small potato, small eyes, and more bud eyes.Leave 2 to 4 full bud eyes on each species. The size of the cut block should be controlled within 3.50 to 4.50cm.Plant potatoes should be soaked in 75%of the rare earth and dry land treasures for 30 minutes. It can not only sterilize and anticorrosive, but also a plant growth regulator, which can promote potato seed potato germination and rooting, and also enhance drought resistance.
Use of potato layered fertilizers
Potato -layered fertilizer sowing machine belongs to small potato planting machines. The structure is simple, and the supporting power of the supporting power is 7.40 to 11kW.It is especially suitable for sowing in small fields.It is convenient to operate, is economical, and has high seeding efficiency.Compared with artificially, it can improve work efficiency by 3 to 4 times.
1. Machine structure
Potato layered fertilizer sowing machines are mainly zero by racks, trench shovel, hanging frames, seed boxes, lower seed components, potato -oriented pipes, fertilizer boxes, driving wheel chains, potato cups, clutch shovels, etc.Composition composition.The length of the machine is 1110mm, 565mm wide, and 900mm high.
2. Installation
We have a two -wheel -handle tractor with a corresponding horsepower, loading the traction box of the host into the tractors tractor, aimed at the connection holes of the insertion axis, and then fixed with the plug -in shaft to make the seeder and the tractor connected.If you install it, you can put it into use.
3. Working principle
When the machine clutch is combined, the machine moves forward under the drive of the supporting tractor, the trench shovels, and the drive wheels start to rotate. The sprocket and chain transmission are driven by the drive shaft to achieve sowing and fertilization.In other words, under the chain, the potato cup is promoted and installed with potato. When exercise to the highest point, enter the seed potato -oriented pipe, and then discharge into the sowing groove of the shovel ditch.With the advancement of the seeding machine, the flooding shovel in front of the ditch is gradually pushed into the ditch, covering the seeds of potato, and the soil over the planting potato is 5-8cm.The fertilizer is applied to the fertilization device and fertilizer -oriented pipe, and the fertilizer is applied to the seeds of potato over the soil, and then covered with the float soil to cover the sulcus, all over the trench, and the small cricket is raised.
4. Debugging before sowing
4.1 Test the operation of the transmission system
We raise the seeder and rotate the driver wheel by hand. Check whether the transmission system of the machine is flexible.Check the phenomenon of collisions and cards during the operation of the potato cup chain.If these areas are smoothly transmitted.
4.2 Debugging into the soil angle
The seeding machine enters the angle of the soil, refers to the angle formed by the trench shovel and the ground when the machine is placed on the plane.2cmf-1 potato layered fertilizer is adjusted in the angle of the soil, it is best to place it on a flat ground, which is more accurate.The technician adjusts the front lever in front of the seeder. Under normal circumstances, the angle of the trench shovel and the ground is adjusted to 15 degrees, which means that the angle of the trench shovel into the soil is most suitable at 15 degrees.
4.3 Debugging the depth of sowing
The depth of sowing is adjusted by the upper and lower positions of the trench shovel handle and the installation point of the rack.During the adjustment, according to the depth requirements of the sowing, we release the fixed nut, move the trench shovel up and down to the required position, and then insert the market. Tighten the fixed nut and adjust it.The depth of potato sowing is between 10 and 15cm.
4.4 Debugging the sowing spacing
The adjustment of row spacing is mainly achieved by adjusting the width of the wheel distance.The width of the row spacing can be determined according to the actual needs of local potato. The general row spacing is 60cm.When adjusting the line distance, the specific standard is: half of the row spacing equal to half of the wheel distance, half of the width of the tire, and half of the width of the ridge surface.The result of adjusting this standard can reach the standard row of 60cm.
4.5 Adjust the fertilization amount
The amount of fertilizer can be adjusted. Set the fertilizer handle handle on the machine. By turning the fertilizers adjustment handle to change the effective entry length of the tank wheel in the fertilizer, the longer the length of the entrance, the larger the fertilization amount, and the shorter length is slightly shorter.Some are less fertilized.We planted the amount of fertilizer fertilizer according to crops, and the amount of fertilizer for potatoes only need to adjust the slot wheel to half.
5. Sowing to the ground
Before sowing, use other power planes to transport the hosting host to the sowing area, connect with the tractor, and then sow to the field.
Field sowing: When sowing in the field, a machine handicap can be operated.First add seedlings and fertilizer on the side of the field.If the seed box is full, you can install 30kg of blocks. The fertilizer box can be equipped with 15kg of compound fertilizer. The potato sowing machine is sowed. The nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer is granular, and fertilization can be carried out smoothly.Neither seeds and fertilizers must be filled. It is advisable to cost 2/3, but it must be more than 1/3.It is best not to stop the middle of the field in the middle of the field, so it is best to calculate based on the amount of sowing per line. It is best to return to the place to add seeds and fertilizers.
Ready, launch a tractor, combine the clutch of the machine, and hang the seeding gear.After loosening, the machine runs forward.The sowing system is transmitted with ground wheels.Started from the front ditch.Turn the potato cup to improve the seed potato, and put the seed block in the sowing groove.Cover the soil shovel on the seeds and cover a layer of thin soil. After covering the soil, the fertilizer is fertilized by fertilizing the catheter and fertilized on the planting potato.This method of covering the thin soil first and then fertilizing is called the layered fertilization method.This can ensure that the fertilizer is sufficient and does not harm the potato.The cover soil shovel was finally completed.It sows 1 line each time, called a single -line monopoly.The fixed plant spacing is 30cm and the line spacing is 60cm.The height is 10-15 cm, the width of the ridge surface is 15cm, and the pitch is 40cm.Pay attention when sowing, whether the fertilizer is normal and whether the potato cup is running normally.
The first line of operation is over. When continuing to sow the next line, the machine should pay attention. When turning around and turning the ground, first separate the seeding machine clutch, lift the handle of the tractor, so that the seeding machine is 10-20cm higher than the ground.The tractor hangs a slow turn head to change the head.The host drive wheel should be carried out closely at the edge of the previous line.To ensure reasonable lines and uniform.
6. Reproduction of common faults
When sowing, you will encounter the phenomenon of the potato cups upgrade chain that is not rotated or did not plant. When the fault occurs, first loosen the clutch, take a short file, and stop.Reduce the height of the host and make the ground wheel contact the ground.It also needs to be properly tightened the driving wheel axis nut, and then combined with the clutch to successfully eliminate it.
7. Sowing efficiency
Potato -layered fertilizer sowing machine, sowing 0.06mm2 per hour.If 1D is sowed for 8H, 1D can sow 0.48hm2.Compared with artificial sowing, it can reduce the cost of sowing by 50%.This small seeding machine is in line with potato production in households, decentralized planting, and small plots.Have good regional adaptability.
Maintenance and storage of potato seeding machines
After the sowing task is completed, how should these three potato planting machines be maintained? Since their maintenance is basically the same, we will introduce it here.
1. Maintenance
1.1 To do a good job of cleaning, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the outer surface of the seeder, chain, sprocket, and dirt on the dirt, and dust on the ditch.
1.2 Apply oil.Each machines trench shovel, chain, and link wheels, all metal parts where the sowing machine enters the earth, must be applied to prevent rust during storage.
1.3 oclock butter.Both ends of the bearing of the three machines need to use oil to add butter to lubricate to play a role in lubricating maintenance.
For potato double -line sowing machines, when it continuously sowed for 50t, it is necessary to inject sufficient butter into the discs of the discs to ensure smoothly under the normal speed.
1.4 Check the fasteners of different parts of each machine. If we wear too much, consider replacing timely in time.After doing these four tasks, the maintenance work is completed.It can allow potato sowing to enter the library.
2. Storage
The warehouse should be dry, ventilated, cannot leak rain, avoid the moisture of the machine, and it cannot be dried up and rain.When entering the warehouse, use a wooden board or brick to remove the covered disk to leave the ditch to avoid contact with the ground and rust.In this way, you can store it with peace of mind, wait for the seeding season next year, and open it again.

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