When the corn harvester matures or is close to maturity, according to agricultural requirements, it uses mechanical agricultural machinery to complete the harvesting of corn straw.What is the working principle of the corn harvester? This article will introduce the working principle of the corn combined harvester and the maintenance tips of corn harvesters.
Historical introduction of corn combined harvesting machine
From the 18th to the 19th century, many people had developed and designed corn harvesters in Britain, the United States and other countries. Some of them also obtained a patent or manufacture of prototypes, but basically did not have practical value and failed to be promoted.
In 1831, the US farmer inventor McCormik (1810-?) Designed and produced the first joint harvester traction by two horses, and its harvesting efficiency exceeded 30 people. This is a joint harvester.Major breakthroughs developed.Since then, McCochi has been committed to the improvement and manufacturing of the joint harvester, and his joint harvester supply should be in short supply.By 1870, the large -scale joint harvesting machine he manufactured was trapped by 40 horses, with a width width of 30 meters. The harvester was also equipped with wheat orange packing device.
In 1889, American BEST designed and manufactured the first self -driving joint harvester driven by steam engines, which can be harvested up to 50 hectares of farmland in a day.Since then, a self -driving joint harvester driven by internal combustion engines has been born.
In the late 1980s, the joint harvesting aircraft became increasingly popular in the United States. Soon Australia also produced similar machines.
In the 1920s, the joint harvesting machine was first used in a large scale in wheat production areas in the United States, and then quickly promoted to the Soviet Union, Canada, Australia, and Western European countries.
The corn combined harvesting machine is an indispensable agricultural machinery for Datian operations.It can be harvested by its harvest, which can reduce the loss of decarning by 5 to 8%compared to the general harvesting, and save a lot of labor.A large grain combined harvester can harvest 400 to 500 acres of wheat a day.
Modern joint harvester can harvest grains of more than 120,000 square meters on a working day.Each operation through farmland cut off a bundle of about 5.5 meters wide grain.The first reason can be explained why corn combined harvesters first appear in the United States and Australia.First of all, the agricultural scale of these two countries is large.Tianye is endless, so a farmer with a fast harvesting method can occupy an advantage in the competition with him.
In addition, the early joint harvesters are more suitable for dry climate compared to humid climate.Before the success of the joint harvesting machine, the machine that made the grains was developed before the United Kingdom was successful, because the harvested grains were not dry to the level of storage immediately.All developed countries have widely used joint harvesters.
The working principle of the corn harvester
Because of the complexity of my countrys corn planting and harvesting methods, the limitations of traditional corn harvesting mechanical work principles, unpacistic design of technical design, and instability of manufacturing quality. Poor crushing effects and cannot be treated at one time, making corn harvest a "bottleneck" that restricts the development of agricultural mechanization in my country.
Today, after three years of hard exploration and unremitting efforts, a new composite corn joint harvester of a new national patent (one of these invention patents) is used for the use of the entire corn straw.The development of Qingzhou Huatai Machinery Research Institute was successfully developed.Compared with the currently promoted corn combined harvester, it completely gets rid of the restraint of traditional principles, unique and innovative structural design, and created a precedent for the use of corn straw plants. The main performance can be summarized as three major innovation breakthroughs and eight unique advantages.
1. Three major innovation breakthroughs:
The first is the innovation breakthrough of the working principle.与传统原理不同，该机械作业流程为：自行开道将玉米整株拔出→根茬离地后旋刀清除根土→整株向摘穗辊处输送→摘穗，然后兵分两路，一路The ears are upgraded → collecting → collecting hydraulic lifting and unloading food, and the other road is to transport separation after straw, straw juice extraction, and then juice collecting or spraying the fields, shake the straw to crush the field or the straw collection, etc.Essence
The second is the innovation breakthrough in comprehensive development and utilization of straw.This machine can extract corn straw juice for livestock and poultry feed and flowers, fruits, and vegetable fertilizers. The straw after juice is crushed and easy to collect and use, especially for the production of pulp production to reduce environmental pollution in the production process.
The third is the innovation breakthrough of corn root treatment.The aircraft completely solved the problem that troubled farmers, and reduced a stubble operation for farmers.
2. Eight unique advantages:
The first is that the power consumption is less, saving about 40%of the power than the traditional model;
The second is to chop in the straw machine to work well;
The third is to adopt a vertical combination to roll the roller roller, with small size, light weight, good effects, and small harvest loss;
Fourth, the fruit spikes and promotion mechanisms have both removal function;
Fifth, the spikes are littering and loading the grain mechanism after lift the hydraulic lift.
Sixth, a large number of chain and belt transmission are used, and the unique chain box replaces the traditional gear box, which simplifies the structure, reduces costs, and is convenient for maintenance;
Seventh, the mature parts of small four -wheel tractors and three -wheeled agricultural vehicles are widely used in socially adopted a large number of small -scale maintenance in society. Social supporting resources and maintenance accessories are rich in resources;
Eighth, the whole machine structure is simple, compact, and convenient to maintain maintenance.According to the above principles, drawing on the structure of the prototype can form large, medium and small series products according to the needs of different user groups, and have good market prospects.Compared with traditional models, this model has significant advantages such as low cost, low energy consumption, eliminating the root cause, and the use of straw can be separated and comprehensive, which is very competitive.
Maintenance of corn harvesters
The acceleration of the agricultural mechanization process has made machinery replacing manuals become more and more common labor methods. In addition, the states strong support for agricultural mechanization has made agricultural machinery a hot product in machinery equipment.The heavy labor has enhanced the efficiency of work, and also greatly shortens the working hours.But what follows is the problem of buying the life of the harvester.The normal maintenance of small corn harvesters should be able to use it for more than 7 years. At present, most farmers friends are used to re -use it. The conservation of the machines maintenance work has greatly shortened the life of small corn harvesters.Here are some ways to extend the use of the usage of corn harvesters.
The maintenance of corn harvesters is roughly reflected in cleaning, maintenance, and maintenance. There are three aspects:
When cleaning the machine, first open the inspection hole cover of each part of the machine, remove all the protective hoods, remove the residual debris in the drum room, cross the bridge to transport the room, clean up the small shake board, the bottom shell of the selection room, the fan horn shell,Straw weeds and dirtytroys with inside and outside the gearbox, the exterior of the gearbox, the cutting table, the drivers table, the engine, and other parts of the engine.After the cleaning, start the machine, let each component run at high speed for 3 to 5 minutes, exhaust all the residues, and then rinse the outside of the machine with water, and then turn on the machine at high speed for 3 to 5 minutes to remove the remaining water.The lubrication is fully lubricated according to the lubrication map, lubrication table and diesel engine manual of the corn harvester, and then transfer to the diesel engine with small and medium throttle for 5 to 10 minutes.
During the maintenance, the bow tooth with exceeding granular bow that worn exceeded the standard was first replaced and the bow teeth were corrected and repaired.Check the fastener that the fastener should be removed or loosening or fastened in time.Check the transmission chain to remove each transmission chain and clean it. Check the quality changes such as cracks in each chain set. If so, replace it in time.The maintenance transmission belt removes all the transmission belts to see if there is a slippery, burn or aging, damage, etc. due to the long use time of the corn harvester. If so, it should be replaced.The transmission belt that can be used should be cleaned, put on talc powder, and install it according to the location.Paint the paint to clean the metal paint on the surface of the machine and make up the paint.
When maintaining cutting the knife, first separate the movement and setting knife, remove the residues such as the soil attached to the knife, and then check the riveting of the blade.If loosening, it should be riveted in time, and if the wear exceeds the standard, it should be replaced, and if the knife is deformation, it should be corrected.Then install the reunion according to the requirements. After the reunion, the gap between the setting and the blade is within 0.2 mm. The power rod should be smooth and smooth, without stagnation, and then apply oil to prevent rust.
The effective maintenance of corn harvesters can make it better work for us, lengthen the useful life, and achieve the effect of doing everything.

Related tags： Machinery