Mask is a kind of sanitary product. It generally refers to the air that is worn on the nose and nose to filter the air that enters the nose and nose to achieve the utensils that block harmful gases, odors, droplets in and out of the wearers mouth and nose, and are made of gauze or paper.The mask has a certain filtering effect on the air entering the lungs. When the respiratory tract infectious disease is popular, it has a very good effect when wearing a mask when operating in a polluted environment such as dust.Mask can be divided into air filter masks and gas supply masks.
A brief history of mask development
Jin Yis "Following the Old Horse": "At this time he told me to pull the mask upwards, blindfolded his nose, lest flying flowers into his nostrils."
The first to use masks in the world was China.In ancient times, people in the court began to cover their mouths and nose in order to prevent dust and mouth pollution, such as "Li Shu": "Covering the mouth, fear of touching people." And "Mencius Li Lou":If you are unclean, you will cover your nose. "It is very unhygienic to cover the nose with your hands or sleeves, and it is not convenient to do other things. Later, some people used a piece of silk to cover my nose.Marco Polo describes his seventeen years in his book "Marco Polo Tour".One of them: "In the palace of the Yuan Dynasty, the people who donated food all used silk cloth, nose, nose, staining their breath, and not touching diet." Such a nose and nose cloth, which is the primitive mask.
At the beginning of the 13th century, the mask only appeared in the Chinese court.In order to prevent the breath from spreading to the emperors food, the waiter used a silk and gold wire towels to make a mask
At the end of the 19th century, masks began to apply in the field of medical care.German pathology expert Leadcic began to suggest that medical staff used gauze hoods to prevent bacterial infections
At the beginning of the 20th century, the mask became a must -have for the first time of public life.The Spanish flu that swept the global Spanish took about 50 million people, and ordinary people were required to use a mask to resist the virus.
In the mid -to -late 20th century, the large scale of the mask was obviously frequent.The masks in the large flu in the history of the history have played an important role in preventing and blocking the spread of germs several times.
In 1897, the Germans Mi Deqi introduced a method of using gauze to prevent bacteria from invasion.In the future, some people made a six -layer gauze mask, stitched on the collar.Just turn over and cover your nose.However, this mask has to hold it with hands, which is extremely inconvenient.Later, some people came up with a strap on the ears, which became a mask that people often used today.
In 1910, the plague broke out in Harbin, and the then deputy supervisor of the Beiyang Army Medical College Dr. Wu Liande invented the "Wu -style mask".
In 2003, the use and popularity of masks reached a new climax. A "SARS" almost made the mask out of stock. There were long teams in front of the major pharmacies, and people scrambled to buy masks.
In 2009, after the "avian influenza" in 2004, the "A H1N1 flu" made the mask army once again appear in front of the major news media in the world.
The emergence of the concept of air hazards in 2013 has aroused the publics attention to the problem of air pollution, making protective products such as masks very popular during haze weather.
The correct method of wearing masks
Usually the disposable mask we buy in a pharmacy is a medical ordinary surgical mask. It has two positive and negative sides and a darker side -the blue surface is facing outside, and the lighter side faces inside, clinging to our face.Not only that, the mask is also divided into up and down, and there is a harder side of the metal strip to touch the upper end, and it is close to the bridge of the nose when wearing.After understanding the basic structure of the mask, lets learn how to wear a mask correctly.
1. Wash: First, clean your hands, so as not to clean the inside of the hand -pollution mask;
Second, hang: put the mask on the face and nose, hang the rope on both ends on the ears with both hands;
Third, pull: As shown in the figure below, pull the folds of the mask in both hands at the same time, so that the mask can completely cover the mouth, nose and chin;
Fourth, pressure: Finally, use the index finger of both hands to press the metal strip on both sides of the nose bridge, so that the upper end of the mask can be close to the bridge of the nose.
In addition, you need to remind everyone to pay attention to: After wearing a mask, avoid frequent touch masks to prevent the protective effect; take off the mask, put in the tape or paper bag, and then put it in a lid in a trash can.Wash your hands in time; do not use disposable masks.
Precautions for masks
From the perspective of human physiological structure, because the blood circulation of the human nasal mucosa is very strong, the passage in the nasal cavity is very twisted, and the nasal capacity has a filter "barrier".When the air is inhaled into the nostrils, the airflow forms a vortex in the twisted channel, so that the airflow of the inhalation nasal cavity can be warmed.Some people test that when the cold air minus 7 ° C is inhaled through the nasal cavity, its airflow has been heated to 28.8 ° C, which is very close to the temperature of the body.If you wear a mask for a long time, the nasal mucosa will become fragile and lose the original physiological function of the nasal cavity, so you cannot wear a mask for a long time.Mask can only be worn in special environments, such as places where people and air are not circulating.Of course, walking in the wild, in order to resist wind sand and cold, or move in an environment with air pollution, you need to put on a mask, but the time should not be too long.In addition, in the influenza epidemic season, there may be public places that may have a large number of pathogenic bacteria, and you should also put on a mask.Wearing a mask is only one of the ways to prevent respiratory infectious diseases. The most important thing is to maintain good living habits.
The outer layer of the mask often accumulates the dust, bacteria and other dirt in many external air, and the inner layer blocks the exhaled bacteria and saliva. Therefore, the two sides cannot be used alternately, otherwise the outer layers will be stained directly closely to closely attached to the post.Inhale the human body when facial, and become a source of infection.When the mask is not worn, it should be stacked in the cleaning envelope, and fold it in one orientation that is close to the nose and nose. Do not stuff it into the pocket or hang it around the neck.
If the mask is exhaled, the heat or saliva is wet, the effect of blocking the germs will be greatly reduced.Therefore, it is best to prepare a few more masks in order to replace it. You should change it once a day.When washing, burn it in boiling water for 5 minutes.
The mask should insist on cleaning and disinfection every day. Both gauze masks and air filter masks can be disinfected by heating.The specific method is:
1. Clean.Gently rub the gauze mask with warm water and soap. The bowl -shaped mask can be brushed gently with a soft brush dipping detergent, and then washed with water.Please note that dont rub it hard, because if the gauze of the gauze is too large, it will lose the effect of anti -droplets.
2. Disinfection.Place the washed mask in a 2%peroxylcetic acid solution for 30 minutes or cook in boiling water for 20 minutes or steam it in a steamer for 15 minutes, and then dry it.This method is suitable for gauze masks and bowl -shaped masks.
3. Check.Before using it again, you should carefully check whether the mask and the mask are still intact. For gauze masks and masks, you can adopt a light transmittance check method, that is, take a look at the light to see if there are obvious light spots.Is the rate be consistent? If you have any questions, you need to replace the new one.In any case, the mask and mask generally should be updated after 3 to 7 times, and the mask with a particularly good quality can be cleaned 10 times.The activated carbon adsorption mask should pay attention to replace the activated carbon clamping layer regularly. If the activated carbon expansion cannot be replaced, it will be replaced after 7 to 14 days. This mask cannot be repeated after cleaning.

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